What is design

Design goes beyond aesthetics

Design con­nects 

We at bay­ern design believe that good design forges con­nec­tions. It cre­ates inter­faces between peo­ple and machines, needs and solu­tions, sci­ence and tech­nol­o­gy, and between dis­ci­plines and every­day life. Design today oper­ates in a dynam­ic space between cre­ativ­i­ty and sci­ence, emo­tion and func­tion, the laws of mar­ket econ­o­my and the prin­ci­ples of ethics. Design is both a method (e.g., design think­ing) and a cre­ative dis­ci­pline that involves many oth­er dis­ci­plines. Good design opens up spaces for par­tic­i­pa­tion and poten­tial action.

Design – a key dis­ci­pline of mod­ern life

In the past, you went to the car­pen­ter if you need­ed a new table and to the shoe­mak­er for new shoes. Every­day needs were met by local crafts. In con­trast, fine porce­lain or del­i­cate tex­tiles came from the dec­o­ra­tive arts. This was the norm for cen­turies until indus­tri­al­iza­tion changed every­thing around 170 years ago. Sud­den­ly, indus­try was pro­duc­ing for every­day needs, and design became sep­a­rat­ed from pro­duc­tion. Since then, goods have been mass-pro­duced for mass con­sump­tion. By the turn of the cen­tu­ry, cor­po­rate design was added, logos were cre­at­ed, prod­ucts and ser­vices were adver­tised on posters. Dur­ing the Weimar Repub­lic, the image of good and mod­ern design main­ly was shaped by the Bauhaus. New pro­fes­sions emerged grad­u­al­ly, and cre­ators and design­ers entered the stage.

It’s hard to imag­ine every­day life with­out design

It was not until after World War II that the Ger­man lan­guage adopt­ed the term design. While ini­tial­ly it applied to con­sumer goods such as house­hold appli­ances, con­sumer elec­tron­ics, or graph­ics, today it also refers to imma­te­r­i­al things such as user inter­faces of dig­i­tal appli­ca­tions and the design of social spaces and even med­ical tech­nol­o­gy. Hard­ly any area of life oper­ates with­out design. More often than not, design­ers are involved with­out us even notic­ing. A lot of good design is under­stat­ed. For this rea­son, we give design a plat­form to make it vis­i­ble. For us, design is not a closed con­cept but rather an open invi­ta­tion to expand on in our minds and use wisely.

bay­ern design focus­es on a broad under­stand­ing of design

We use an ampli­fied def­i­n­i­tion of design today: For us, the term encom­pass­es the devel­op­ment of actions and appli­ca­tions as well as the cre­ation of sys­tems, prod­ucts, iden­ti­ties, and cul­tur­al patterns.

Messestand im Freien
bay­ern design stand at the IAA 2021 in Munich. © Pho­to: bayerndesign/BECKERLACOUR
Messestand im Freien
bay­ern design stand at the IAA 2021 in Munich. © Pho­to: bayerndesign/BECKERLACOUR

What is an ampli­fied def­i­n­i­tion of design? 

In short, design no longer is lim­it­ed to cre­at­ing indi­vid­ual objects, for exam­ple, fur­ni­ture. It extends into an ever-increas­ing num­ber of areas. To describe spe­cif­ic appli­ca­tions of design, we dif­fer­en­ti­ate between arte­facts, socio­facts, and mente­facts. Arte­facts are objects, sur­faces, and spaces such as prod­ucts, print media, exhi­bi­tions, and inte­ri­ors. Socio­fact design refers to behav­iors, actions, and rela­tion­ships. In con­crete terms, design can have a pos­i­tive impact on social rou­tines and inter­ac­tions. For exam­ple, user-friend­ly apps for pub­lic trans­porta­tion can help facil­i­tate access to bus­es and trains, which in turn moti­vates users to leave their cars at home more fre­quent­ly. Mente­facts relate to sus­tain­abil­i­ty and oth­er val­ues expressed in cir­cu­lar design con­cepts, for exam­ple. They also include the idea of par­tic­i­pa­tion, that is, design aimed at active­ly involv­ing diverse user groups and tak­ing their needs into account.

Design as an ele­men­tary com­po­nent of com­pa­nies’ strate­gies and busi­ness organization

The Dan­ish Design Lad­der and its exten­sion (design as a sys­tem) illus­trate that design reach­es far beyond the aes­thet­ic exte­ri­or of prod­ucts and ser­vices. In this con­text, the pos­i­tive cor­re­la­tion between com­pa­nies’ design and inno­va­tion activ­i­ties is par­tic­u­lar­ly rel­e­vant. bay­ern design intends to com­mu­ni­cate, in a tar­get­ed man­ner, the diverse lev­els at which design and design meth­ods are used to help estab­lish an extend­ed under­stand­ing of design in all parts of admin­is­tra­tion, the econ­o­my, and society.

To design means to rethink what is there

Around 195,000 peo­ple in Ger­many work in design, either in agen­cies or as free­lancers. And the trend is ris­ing. What unites them? They rethink the exist­ing. Design is a mindset.

Design as a mindset
Design­ers shape soci­ety. In doing so, they excel with a very unique approach: com­pre­hen­sive and user-focused think­ing, tan­gi­ble and vision­ary work­styles, and an open and solu­tion-ori­ent­ed spirit.

Design­ers’ work is visionary
Design­ers work and think not only the­o­ret­i­cal­ly in words, but also prac­ti­cal­ly in shapes, atmos­pheres, spaces, and emo­tions. They tie artis­tic free­doms in with func­tion­al, needs-based actions. In this way, they help make ideas, con­cepts, and tech­ni­cal inno­va­tions become under­stand­able and tangible.

Design­ers’ work is solution-oriented
Design­ers use solu­tion-ori­ent­ed approach­es to respond to the crises and chal­lenges of our time. They devise tan­gi­ble, func­tion­al, and viable process­es and arte­facts. An applied dis­ci­pline, design always is in search of improve­ment and transformation.

Design­ers’ work is agile and open
Design­ers have the poten­tial to dis­cov­er and explore new paths and solu­tions in unchart­ed ter­ri­to­ries through their cre­ative process­es. Design­ers work and think in an agile and flex­i­ble man­ner and are open mind­ed with regard to the out­come. With this stance, they adapt to new sit­u­a­tions and con­texts and in doing so act both in a con­serv­ing and a dis­rupt­ing manner.

Design­ers’ work is holistic
Through their expan­sive way of think­ing, design­ers sup­port new con­nec­tions among areas of exper­tise, indus­tries, and stake­hold­ers. Coop­er­a­tive and inter­dis­ci­pli­nary work­styles fos­ter alliances among top­ics and play­ers. When work­ing, design­ers play off a vari­ety of eco­nom­ic, social, cul­tur­al, and eco­log­i­cal fac­tors and con­texts in their minds.

Design­ers’ work is human-minded
Design­ers con­tribute a nov­el way of think­ing that keeps an eye on people’s social, cul­tur­al, and eco­nom­ic needs. Through research and obser­va­tion, design­ers eval­u­ate the shift­ing of indi­vid­u­als’ pri­or­i­ties and needs. Design­ers have an inclu­sive and empath­ic spir­it. They design com­mu­ni­ca­tion, inter­ac­tion, and par­tic­i­pa­tion and thus, ide­al­ly, cre­ate user-cen­tered design and even soci­ety-ori­ent­ed design.